ECO-FRIENDLY TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INTO ORGANIC FERTILIZER

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The scientific management of municipal solid waste comprises collection, segregation and transportation. A scientific treatment have been used to prevent environmental pollution and also to obtain useful substrates like organic manure/ vermi compost, power generation, bio-gas, briquettes or pellets etc. Municipal solid waste is generally recognized as useless / unwanted pollutant, because of their intrinsic properties the same waste is reusable and considered a resource in another setting. If the city waste is not scientifically treated, cause environmental pollution by way of foul odor, contaminate surface and underground source of water, soil, spread of diseases, birds/ flies menace, etc. It is possible to scientifically treat the urban waste which has a significant fraction of organic matter and thus address environmental issues and still get the organic fraction converted into organic manure/ vermi compost, power, biogas, refuse derived fuel (RDF), pellets and briquettes considering this as a resource.
Although many technological options are available, care should be exercised to choice a right technology so that flexibility and utility can be designed into facility. Ideally a facility should be functional and efficient over its useful life. Amongst various technological options bio-conversion of organic fraction of urban waste into a useful organic horticultural / agricultural substrate is a age old and proven technology. The role of inorganic input in agriculture / horticulture is going to be more significant useful in the presence of organic inputs (Integrated Nutrient Management).
In this perspective it is imperative that the nature has the capacity to dilute, dispose, degrade, absorb or otherwise reduce the impact of unwanted residues in the atmosphere, in the water ways and on the land, ecological imbalance have occurred where the natural assimilative capacity has been exceeded.

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